Chapter 20: Expansion of God’s Household

Chapter 20: Expansion of God’s Household


God’s Household
Who belonged to God’s household in the beginning of this world? Genesis 1:27 states: “So God created mankind (אָדָם, adam) in his own image, in the image of God he created them; male (זָכָר, zakar) and female (נְקֵבָה, neqebah) he created them.” A man (Adam, אָדָם) and a woman (Eve, חַוָּה) were those two who belonged to God’s household as God had created them and placed them in his garden. Those people who belong to God’s household are the ones that are taken care of by God. When Adam and Eve fell, they were expelled from the garden of Eden and nobody belonged to God’s household. Thereafter, God’s relationship with mankind became individual.

Expansion of God’s Household in the Old Testament
Enoch faithfully walked with God (Genesis 5:22, 24), and God took him away (to heaven) (Genesis 5:24). So, Enoch belonged to God’s household although there was no physical place for God’s household any longer. Noah faithfully walked with God (Genesis 6:9), and so he belonged to God’s household. Not only Noah but also his wife, his sons – Shem, Ham, and Japheth – and their wives belonged to God’s household. God takes care of people who belong to his household and blesses them. It is the economy of God – God’s economic and political governing activities for his people.
Then, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, and their families belonged to God’s household. God continuously appeared to them, making sure that his promises and blessings would surely be fulfilled. While Joseph was a prime minister of Egypt, Jacob, his sons, and other family members moved to the land of Egypt. The total number of Jacob’s family members who went to Egypt was about 70 according to Genesis 46:27 or 75 according to Acts 7:14 (which followed Septuagint, the Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures). So, God’s household expanded to around 70 people when Jacob and his family settled in Egypt.
The Israelites stayed in Egypt for 400 years (Genesis 15:13; Acts 7:6) or 430 years (Exodus 12:40-41; Galatians 3:17) until God called Moses to lead them out of Egypt. The number of men (of the Israelites) who were twenty years old or more and able to serve in the army was 603,550 when God told Moses to number on the first day of the second month of the second year after the Israelites came out of Egypt (Numbers 1:1-46). So, the total number of the Israelites, including all women, children, and old people, was probably 2-3 million. So, God’s household was no longer a small size. However, God wanted his household to grow, including not only the Israelites but also the Gentiles later when the opportune time would come.
God in Isaiah 45:22 calls all nations: “Turn to me and be saved, all the ends of the earth! For I am God, and there is no other.”  There is only one God in whom there is salvation. Isaiah 52:7 states: “How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of him who brings good tidings, who publishes peace, who brings good tidings of good, who publishes salvation, who says to Zion, ‘Your God reigns.’” God encourages and praises those who spread the good news although this is yet to be realized in the future. God through Isaiah in Isaiah 54:2-3 proclaims: “2Enlarge the place of your tent and let the curtains of your habitations be stretched out; hold not back, lengthen your cords and strengthen your stakes. 3For you will spread abroad to the right and to the left, and your descendants will possess the nations and will people the desolate cities.” God wants us to expand his household in all directions so that more people can dwell in his tent/household. God in Isaiah 55:1 invites people: “Ho, everyone who thirsts, come to the waters; and he who has no money, come, buy and eat! Come, buy wine and milk without money and without price.” Expansion of God’s household or kingdom is not construction of larger church buildings. It is spreading the gospel to more people and more nations to bring them to his household as there is life in him.

Expansion of God’s Household in the New Testament
When the opportune time arrived, Jesus Christ came to his people to proclaim the gospel. The real good news is that God’s salvation is not only for the Jews but also for the Gentiles, including all people whom God had created. Jesus in John 3:16 proclaims: “For God so loved the world that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.” However, Jesus was aware of his limited resources with human flesh. When a Canaanite woman asked him to heal her demon-possessed daughter, Jesus answered in Matthew 15:24: “I was sent only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.” Jesus in Matthew 10:5-6 tells his disciples: “5Go nowhere among the Gentiles, and enter no town of the Samaritans, 6but go rather to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.” What does this mean? Why did Jesus prohibited his disciples from going to the Samaritans or the Gentiles? It is a matter of order in spreading the gospel. Spreading the gospel should be in Jerusalem first; then in Judea, and Samaria; and then to the ends of the earth (Acts 1:8). Jesus’ disciples had to wait for the Holy Spirit to go beyond Jerusalem to the ends of the earth as the Holy Spirit has no limitation in time and space and can be present everywhere and in everyone.
Jesus in Matthew 28:19-20 tells his disciples: “19Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, 20teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, to the close of the age.” As we reviewed in Chapter 19, the gospel was proclaimed in Jerusalem (Acts 2-7), then in Judea and Samaria (Acts 8), and was scattered further away (Acts 12-28).
Jesus called Saul who persecuted his church – the body of Christ. Why? Jesus tells Ananias about Saul/Paul in Acts 9:15-16 (also Acts 22:21, 26:17): “15Go, for he is a chosen instrument of mine to carry my name before the Gentiles and kings and the sons of Israel; 16for I will show him how much he must suffer for the sake of my name.” How excited it was! Saul who persecuted Christians in Jerusalem and was going to Damascus to persecute more Christians became Paul who would be persecuted for Christ’s sake.
Paul uses the word, oikonomia (economy), in defining his mission or commission of spreading the gospel to the Gentiles, believing that his mission of spreading the good news is to bring more people to God for them to be saved. Paul’s economy or mission is to spread the gospel to the ends of the earth, expanding God’s household. Paul in 1 Corinthians 9:17-18 states: “If I do this of my own will, I have a reward; but if not of my own will, I am entrusted with a commission. What then is my reward? Just this: that in my preaching I may make the gospel free of charge, not making full use of my right in the gospel.” Paul in Ephesians 3:2 calls his mission to preach the good news to the Gentiles, including the people in Ephesus, “the stewardship (or commission, NRSV) of God’s grace” that was given to him for the Gentiles. Paul regards his mission or stewardship (of spreading the gospel to the Gentiles) as “God’s grace and gift.” Paul in Colossians 1:25 speaks of his apostleship (of spreading the good news to the Gentiles) and regards it as “the divine office” that was given to him. The word apostle means ‘the one who is sent’ and every time Paul mentions his apostleship, he reminds of his duty/mission of spreading the gospel to the Gentiles.
Why did Paul want to be sent to Rome when he was caught in Jerusalem (Acts 25:10-12)? When Paul was going to Jerusalem during his third missionary journey, he already had a plan to go to Spain, where he thought was the end of the earth (Romans 15:28). He wanted to make a good use of this unfortunate incidence. He was seeking an opportunity to spread the gospel to the ends of the earth. When Paul arrived at Rome, he was allowed to live by himself, with a soldier to guard him (Acts 28:16). Paul in Acts 28:28 states: “Let it be known to you then that this salvation of God has been sent to the Gentiles; they will listen.” Paul stayed in his own rented house in Rome for two full years and taught the kingdom of God and Jesus Christ. Paul's journey of Christian life was about to end. 2 Timothy is kind of Paul's last word to his beloved brother or son in Christ, Timothy. He charges Timothy to preach the Word of God in season and out of season, that is whether the time is favorable or unfavorable (2 Timothy 4:2). We should spread the Good News not only when the time is favorable for us but also when the time is unfavorable.

Expansion of God’s Household by Numerous Christians
God’s household continues to be expanded through many Christians, including Paul, Peter, John, James, Stephen, Philip, and many other known and unknown Christians. According to the New Testament apocrypha and other traditions, Paul was beheaded in Rome, Peter was crucified upside down in Rome, and Thomas went to India and was killed there, and many other unknown Christians spread the gospel and died for Christ’s name.
In the early church period, those Christians who were in Rome lived together in a catacomb, which was an underground public cemetery. They lived a communal life there, escaping from the lookout of the Roman government. The Christians in Rome praised God and worshipped Him there. Although there were neither gracious hymns nor the holy Bible yet, they praised the suffering, death, and resurrection of Jesus for the salvation of human beings. They enjoyed those hours of singing and praying. Some of them were from rich families, but they gave up all things and joined other Christians in the communal life in a catacomb as they regarded the life of following and witnessing Jesus as the most valuable matter. Some wall paintings were found in the catacombs. The paintings were about Jesus' last supper with his disciples and the resurrected Jesus. They longed to see Jesus very much.  
            Polycarp, bishop of the church in Smyrna in the second century was caught and brought to the proconsul to be martyred.[1] But, seeing Polycarp’s old age, the proconsul told him: “Respect your age. Swear by the genius of Caesar, repent, say: ‘Away with the Atheists.’” Polycarp was silent for a while. The proconsul pressed him, saying: “Take the oath and I will let you go. Revile Christ!” Then, Polycarp answered: “For eighty-six years have I been his servant, and he has done me nothing wrong, and how can I blaspheme my King who saved me.” The proconsul persisted again, saying: “Swear by the genius of Caesar!” Polycarp answered: “If you vainly suppose that I will swear by the genius of Caesar, as you say, and pretend that you are ignorant who I am, listen plainly: I am a Christian. And if you wish to learn the doctrine of Christianity, fix a day and listen.” The proconsul said: “I have wild beasts, I will deliver you to them, unless you repent.” Polycarp answered: “Call for them, for repentance from better to worse is not allowed to us; but it is good to change from evil to righteousness.” The proconsul said: “I will cause you to be consumed by fire, if you despise the beasts, unless you repent.” Polycarp responded: “You threaten with fire that burns for a time, and is quickly quenched, for you do not know the fire which awaits the wicked in the judgment to come and in everlasting punishment. But why are you waiting? Come, do what you will.” Polycarp was so brave before death, as he was so sure about what would wait for him.
In a novel, Silence, written by a Japanese novelist, Shusaku Endo, there is an inspirational story of a Portuguese Catholic priest, Francisco Garrpe.[2] Although Japanese officials kept commanding him to apostatize, he rejected their enforcement. He did not deny Jesus Christ. He was tied on the post at the shore of the sea where the tide kept coming in. Garrpe was singing and praying to God even until the water sank him to the neck. Finally, the head of Garrpe was lost in the sea but the voice was still there.
There was an American missionary named Adoniram Judson (1788-1850) in the early 19th century in Burma. He spread the good news diligently there for almost six years but could not bear any fruit. Yet, he did not lose his confidence, believing "As God has sent me here, He will let me bear the fruit of evangelism." He continued to witness Jesus Christ to the people living there. And finally, he earned a person who decided to accept Jesus as his personal Savior. Judson baptized him in the name of the Father, of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit. He was the first fruit in that land as a result of Judson's efforts of six years. However, one century later, there were more than fifty thousand believers there. When we witness Jesus, we don't have to worry about the result. We just plant the seed of the good news and water, then God gave the growth (cf. 1 Cor. 3:6).
There was a famous Scotch athlete who also had the same rule of life with that of Jonathan Edwards. His name was Eric Liddell (1902-1945) who participated in 1924 Paris Olympics. He was a world record holder in four hundred-meter dash. But, as the final was held on Sunday, he declined to participate in the event. The prime minister of Scotland called him to urge him to participate in the race for the glory of his country Scotland. But, his decision was not changed. The dream of amateur athletes is to earn a gold medal in an Olympic final. However, Eric Liddell gave up his dream of gold medal to live by his rule of life. Eric Liddell thought that "spreading the gospel is every believer's mission." Thus, he as a believer decided to spread the gospel. He became a missionary and went to China to live by his rule of life as a Christian. His life as a missionary was sometimes painful and poor, but he was very happy and glad as he lived according to his rule of life which was truthful to God. His biography was published as a book and its title was "The Flying Scotchman." Later, it was made into a movie and its title was "Chariots of Fire." Elijah in the Bible rode the chariots of fire to go up to heaven alive. Eric Liddell liked the great prophet Elijah and tried to live by the Word of God.
Jesus Christ is a good example of a missionary. Jesus was a missionary who was sent out by God the Father from the heavenly country down to the earthly country. First of all, as a missionary who was dispatched down to the earthly country, Jesus took off his heavenly glorious clothes and wore the earthly clothes, that is, a human flesh. As a missionary Jesus wanted to be like one of the earthly people. He wanted to expand God’s household on earth. Spreading the gospel is the most important mission to anybody who wants to be a disciple of Jesus. Thus, we, the followers of Jesus, should not abandon the opportunities that are given by God. John Scott, a famous biblical scholar and pastor, points out in his book,Guilty Silence, that “if anyone is silent without telling the gospel to a neighbor who is dying without knowing Jesus Christ, he is guilty of not telling the truth.”



[1] Eusebius, The Ecclesiastical History, Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1993.
[2] Shusaku Endo, Silence. Picador Modern Classics, 2016.

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